Come friends, today we will know Human Liver Important Notes
What are livers
Liver is the largest and busy gland of the body which produces light yellow colored bile juice.
Liver is called liver or liver and in English it is a part of human body liver is found only in vertebrate animals.
It acts as a catalyst and accelerates the digestion process in the decomposition of fats taken in food.
Its aggregation takes place in the gall bladder, the liver converts excess fat into protein and also works to convert excess carbohydrates into glucose. Which are provided to the body on reading the need.
The liver converts ammonia (a toxic fluid) produced during the digestion of fats into urea. The liver kills the old and damaged red blood cells.
Its function is to detoxify various metabolites, synthesize proteins, and make biochemicals necessary for digestion.
The liver is the largest and most important digestive gland found in the human body, which produces bile.
The liver plays a special role in the area of digestion, it is the main site of metabolism of the intestinal absorption in digestion.
In its lower part there is a pear-shaped sac called gall bladder, the bile juice secreted by the liver is present in the gall bladder itself.
Liver measurement and weight
The length of its south-bum is 17.5 cm, and the height of the sub-plane is 16 cm and the width of the east-post is 15 cm.
Its weight is about 1/50 of the body’s weight, usually from 1,500 grams to 2,000 grams.
The ratio of its weight to body weight is the same in men and women, but varies according to the adult. Its weight in children is 1/20 of the body weight.
Structure of liver
To know about Human Liver Important Notes, now we will know about Structure of liver
The liver is the largest and heaviest gland in the body, its upper and anterior surface are smooth and curved, which are buried in the diaphragm.
The liver is mainly divided into two lobes (right and left), it is made up of two main types of cells.
Hepatic cells – These are the main excretory cells of the liver.
Kupffer’s cells – These are completely different from liver cells and they come under a specialized system called reticula-endothelial system.
The liver is made up of many small lobules, each segment containing a series of liver cells.
In the pear-shaped liver, the gall bladder is connected at the back with the help of connective tissue, in between these hepatic cells are small biliary cells, which together form large vessels.
Due to which a large duct is formed which is called Common Hepatic Duct, further this vessel joins with the cystic duct coming from the gallbladder to form the Common Bile Duct. (Bile Duct) Opens in the duodenum which acts as a gallbladder accumulator and bile collects and thickens in it.
The right and left hepatic ducts together form the common hepatic duct, which joins the cystic duct behind the gall bladder.
Stick duct Common hepatic duct joins together to form bile duct, bile duct joins back to pancreatic duct to form hepatapancreatic ampulla.
The ampulla opens into the duodenum. The opening of the ampula is controlled by the sphincter of the Odai. The basic structural and functional unit of the liver is the hepatic lobule.
Liver tasks
To know about Human Liver Important Notes, now we will know about Liver tasks.
- The liver is the main heat producing organ.
- The liver is the major center for the formation of lymph.
- Storing glycogen made from glucose.
- When glycogen is needed, it is converted into glucose and flows into the bloodstream.
- Helps process fats and proteins from digested food.
- Making the proteins needed for blood clotting.
- In the embryonic state or in the proud state, it also does the work of making blood.
- Secretes bile salts and bile pigments.
- Distinguishes hematuria from the blood.
- Converts galactose into glucose.
- Converts carbohydrates and proteins into fats.
- Produces antibodies and antigens.
- The liver is extremely important for the accumulation of vitamin B12.
- Vitamin B12 is essential for the adequate production of red blood cells in the body.
- Vitamin A is made from carotenoid pigments in the liver, besides fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, K.
- Vitamin K is present in some foods and is also made in the intestines by bacteria, it has to be absorbed in the liver to make prothrombin.
- The liver also stores glycogen, iron, fat, vitamins A and D in our body.
- It is helpful in removing drugs, toxins, heavy metals and tin and mercury from the body.
- Detoxification Detoxification means ridding the body’s internal system of toxic and harmful chemicals present in the food.
- In the fetus, the liver produces RBCs, in the adult it stores iron, copper and vitamin B12 (anti-anemic factor) and helps in the formation of RBCs and hemoglobin.
Liver disease
Autoimmune Disorder : This disease damages the nervous system, cells and tissues of the human body, which affects the liver and reduces its ability to work.
Fatty Liver : When fat and excess fat accumulate in the liver, the liver becomes fatty, which is called fatty liver disease.
Liver Failure : When there is a disease related to liver for a long time and it is not getting cured, the liver stops working, which is called liver failure.
Limb Cirrhosis : Limb cirrhosis disease progresses slowly in the body, in this the liver starts shrinking due to which the liver becomes hard by losing its flexibility.
Liver Cancer : Liver cancer is very common because various organs of the body often spread to the liver, thus causing secondary cancer in the liver, called heptoma, patients suffering from cirrhosis. There is a possibility of it being born.
Hepato-encephalopathy : In cirrhosis, the liver is unable to metabolize ammonia into urea, due to which the amount of ammonia in the blood increases and ammonia is toxic to the CNS (Central Nervous System), hence the functions of the central nervous system. Obstruction occurs in the heart, which is called hepato-encephalopathy.
Important points related to liver
- The weight of the liver is 1.5 to 2 kg.
- Its pH value is 7.5.
- The liver partially stores copper and iron.
- The person killed by poison / poison is identified by the liver itself.
- Bile is secreted by the liver itself, this bile intensifies the action of enzymes present in the intestine.
- The liver converts the maximum amount of protein into carbohydrates.
- A protein called fibrinogen is produced by the liver itself which helps in blood clotting.
- A protein called heparin is produced by the liver itself, which prevents blood from clotting inside the body.
- Dead RBCs are removed only by the destroyed liver.
- The liver helps to maintain body temperature.
- The liver is an important clue in the investigation of the cause of death of a person killed by food poisoning.
