Let’s go to what is Molar Mass of CaCl2 ? Calcium chloride, an inorganic compound, is a salt with the chemical formula CaCl 2. It is a white colored crystalline solid at room temperature, and is highly soluble in water. It is called hydrochloric acid calcium hydroxide.
Can be made by neutralizing with. Calcium chloride is usually a hydrated solid with the generic formula CaX2(H2O)x, where x = 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6. These compounds are used primarily for de-icing and dust control. . Because anhydrous salt is hygroscopic, it is used as a desiccant.
What is calcium chloride (CaCl.) 2 )?
CaCl 2 is an ionic compound whose chemical name is calcium chloride. It is also called calcium chloride anhydrous or calcium dichloride.
It is an ionic compound of chlorine and calcium. At room temperature, it is a white colored crystalline solid. It is highly soluble in water and hence hygroscopic in nature. It is odorless and has a very high enthalpy change of solution. This compound is widely used for dust control and de-icing. It is prepared as
- Calcium carbonate and hydrochloric solution react with acid or
- directly from limestone, but is also produced in large quantities as a by-product of
Calcium chloride was discovered in the 15th century, but had received little attention or study until the late 18th century. All of the initial work was done with laboratory-prepared samples, as it was not produced on a commercial scale until after the ammonia-soda process was conducted to manufacture soda ash. It was actually considered a useless product until its use was discovered.
Properties of calcium chloride – CaCl 2
| CaCl 2 | calcium chloride |
| Molecular Weight / Molar Mass | 110.98 g/mol |
| Density | Anhydrous: 2.15 g/cm |
| boiling point | 1,935 °C |
| Melting point | 772 °C |
Calcium Chloride Structure (CaCl.) 2 Structure)
We have learned about Molar Mass of CaCl2, now we will learn about calcium chloride structure. Calcium chloride molecules have two ionic bonds between a single calcium cation and two chloride anions. The structure of calcium chloride molecules is jerk illustrated. It may be noted that the calcium cation carries a charge of magnitude +2 and each chloride ion carries a charge of magnitude -1. The compound, therefore, is electrically neutral.
Structure of calcium chloride molecules
Preparation of calcium chloride
We have learned about Molar Mass of CaCl2, now we will learn about the formation of calcium chloride
The steps listed below can be followed to prepare calcium chloride:
Phase 1:
Take a beaker. Wear gloves and place the limestone in it until the beaker is filled to a quarter of its total volume.
stage 2:
Mix about 1/4 of a beaker of HCl (hydrochloric acid) into the limestone.
step 3:
As HCl dissolves limestone, bubbles form in it. Gently mix the ingredients in the beaker and take care to complete the reaction. If all the limestone is completely dissolved in it then add a little limestone.
step 4:
As soon as the solution stops bubbling, filter the solids by passing the solution through a filter paper.
Step 5:
Heat another beaker containing calcium chloride solution. Solid calcium chloride is the solid remaining after the water evaporates.
calcium chloride solution
We have learned about Molar Mass of CaCl2, now we will learn about solution of calcium chloride. Calcium chloride is highly soluble in water, due to its high solubility it is used to obtain solutions with relatively high densities. For example, densities as high as 1430kg/m are achieved at 208C and 1570kg/m at 808C. The oil and gas drilling industry often takes advantage of these high densities when completing or reworking wells. Density or specific gravity can also be used to determine the molar concentration, c, of calcium chloride in water.
Various values and densities of calcium chloride solutions at different temperatures have been identified. The densities and apparent molar volumes of aqueous calcium chloride solutions at temperatures from 323K to 600K and at pressures up to 40MPa have also been reported. Viscosity is an important property of calcium chloride solutions both in terms of engineering design and in the application of such solutions to flow through porous media. Data and equations are available for estimating the viscosity of a calcium chloride solution over a temperature range of 20-508C.
Several studies on the thermodynamics of calcium chloride solutions were published in the 1980s. Many of these were oriented towards the validation and extension of the Pitzer equations for the determination of activity coefficients and other parameters in electrolyte solutions of high ionic strength. Calcium chloride is produced in commercial quantities using several processes: refining of natural brine, the reaction of calcium hydroxide with ammonium chloride in Solvay soda ash production, and the reaction of hydrochloric acid with calcium carbonate.
A property possessed by certain substances of absorbing moisture from the air upon exposure. Anhydrous calcium chloride, which has this property, is widely used as a drying agent.
Calcium Chloride (CaCl.) 2 ) Uses
We have learned about Molar Mass of CaCl2, now we will learn about calcium chloride subtype
- It is used to prevent the formation of ice and hence is used in deicing.
- Used in the production of activated charcoal.
- Used as a bactericide for male animals.
- It is used in heating pads and self-heating cans.
- It is used to remove mineral deficiency in beer making.
- Calcium chloride is used as an electrolyte in sports drinks.
- In laboratories, drying tubes are usually filled with calcium chloride.
health hazards
- This compound is irritating and needs to be handled with gloves.
- It is relatively safe to handle, but if ingested, it reacts exothermically with water and can cause irritation of the mouth or esophagus.
- Calcium chloride is also recommended for the treatment of acute hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia and calcium-channel blocker overdose.
road surfacing
The second largest application of calcium. Chloride exploits the hygroscopic properties and feasibility of its hydrates. Calcium chloride is highly hygroscopic and its hydration is an exothermic reaction . A concentrated solution lays a liquid layer on the surface of dirt roads , which suppresses the formation of dust. It keeps fine dust particles on the road, providing a cushioning layer. If these are allowed to blow up, large aggregates start to shift around and the road breaks. Using calcium chloride reduces the need for grading by 50% and the need for fill-in materials by more than 80%.
Various applications
Calcium chloride is used in quick setting in concrete mixes , but chloride ions lead to corrosion of steel rebar, so it should not be used in reinforced concrete . An anhydrous form of calcium chloride can also be used for this purpose and can provide a measure of moisture in concrete.
Calcium chloride is included as an additive in plastics and in fire extinguishers . As a drainage aid in CAA , as an additive to control scaffolding in blast furnaces (collision and adhesion of materials preventing furnace charges from descending), and as a thinner in fabric softeners .
Exothermic dissolution of calcium chloride is used in self-heating cans and heating pads .
In the oil industry , calcium chloride is used. Increased density of solid free vines . It is also used to prevent swelling blockages in the water phase of inverted emulsion drilling fluid.
CaCl 2 acts as a flux material, lowering the melting point, in the Dewey process for the industrial production of sodium metal via the electrolysis of molten NaCl .
Similarly, CaCl 2 is used as the flux and the electrolyte is used to produce titanium 201/99> in the FFC Cambridge process . where it ensures the proper exchange of calcium and oxygen ions between the electrodes.
Calcium chloride is also used in the production of activated charcoal .
Calcium chloride is also an ingredient used in ceramic slipware . This suspends the clay particles so that they float within the solution, which makes it easy to use a variety of slipcasting techniques.
Calcium chloride dihydrate (20 percent by weight ) dissolved in ethanol (95 percent ABV) is used as a sterilant for male animals. The solution is injected into the animal’s testis. Within a month, necrosis of the testicular tissue results in sterilization.
Cocaine producers in Colombia use calcium chloride from Tetra Technologies Inc., which is legally exported to Peru, then smuggled into Colombia via Ecuador.
dangers
Although non-toxic in small amounts when wet, the properties of the strongly hygroscopic non-hydrated salt present some dangers. Calcium chloride may act as an irritant by desiccating moist skin. Solid calcium chloride dissolves exothermically , and burns can result in the mouth and esophagus if it is ingested. Gastrointestinal irritation or ulceration may occur due to deposition of concentrated solutions or solid products.
Hypercalcemia due to calcium chloride intake.
frequently Asked question
What is calcium chloride made of?
Calcium chloride is a calcium-derived salt that occurs naturally. It is a solid white color and can also be presented synthetically.
Is calcium chloride a natural product?
Natural calcium chloride contains small amounts of sodium chloride and potassium chloride carried from the natural feedstock of brine. This covers almost all food-grade calcium chloride applications.
What is calcium chloride commonly used for?
Calcium chloride is an excellent desiccant as a hygroscopic agent to eliminate dissolved moisture in liquids and is suitable for use in food packaging to improve dryness and avoid spoilage.
What happens when calcium chloride comes in contact with air?
Since calcium carbide is a delicate material, it absorbs water from the atmosphere when exposed to air. When anhydrous calcium chloride is exposed to sunlight, it also absorbs heat from the atmosphere and becomes a colorless solution.
Is calcium electrically conductive?
Calcium is harder than lead, but it can be cut with a knife with effort. Although calcium is a weaker electrical conductor by weight than copper or aluminum, it is a better mass conductor than the two, due to its much lower density.
Why is calcium chloride in drinking water?
It is commonly used as an electrolyte in sports drinks and other beverages, including bottled water. The highly salty taste of calcium chloride is used for pickling without increasing the sodium content in food.
Which foods contain calcium chloride?
Calcium chloride is used as a firming agent in canned vegetables, to firm soybean curds into tofu, and to make caviar substitutes from vegetable or fruit juices. It is commonly used as an electrolyte in sports drinks and other beverages, including bottled water.
What’s so bad about calcium chloride?
Calcium chloride poses some serious threats to your health and safety. Calcium chloride can cause mouth and throat irritation, increased thirst, vomiting, stomach pain, low blood pressure, and other potentially serious health effects. It can also irritate the skin, which can lead to long-term dryness or dry, moist skin.
